The 3.9-micron shortwave infrared spectral band on the Advanced Baseline Imager (ABI) instrument flown on NOAA GOES-16/17/18/19 geostationary weather satellites. The same band exists on JMA Himawari-9. Used for fire detection, hot-spot detection, and — by LaunchDetect — rocket-launch plume detection. Rocket exhaust plumes are several hundred kelvin hotter than the surrounding background and appear as transient thermal anomalies in ABI band 7 imagery.
In LaunchDetect
ABI band 7 has 2-km nominal spatial resolution and updates every ~5 minutes (CONUS) or 10 minutes (full disk). Brightness-temperature precision is approximately 0.1 K on calibrated Level 1b radiance products.