Proton (UR-500).

Russia's heavy-lift workhorse for GEO and lunar missions. Hypergolic fuel (UDMH/N2O4) makes it operationally flexible but environmentally controversial. Phased out in favor of Angara A5.

Every Proton (UR-500) launch is independently confirmed by LaunchDetect from NOAA GOES or JMA Himawari geostationary thermal infrared imagery within 30 to 90 seconds of ignition.

Vehicle facts

OperatorRoscosmos
CountryRU
First flight1965
StatusRetiring
ClassHeavy-lift expendable
Primary padsBaikonur
See detected launches →